Jeff Russell

1) Thanks much! Also, thanks for the title recommendations, I have not seen any of those, so I'll have to see if I can track them down. I don't watch as much anime now as I once did, but as you say, it's nice to get the variety.

2) I think whether you can say primitive people don't have "culture" depends very much on how you're defining that very abstract word. If you mean something like "high culture" or "familiarity with and/or facility with producing elements of a highly developed artistic, intellectual, and/or philosophical tradition" then, sure, folks at a subsistence level are going to have a lot less of that, especially material expressions of that. On the other hand, my cultural anthropology professor defined culture as something like "a society's shared understanding of how the world works" - something that literally every human society has. Generally speaking, I find the anthropological use more often helpful, and prefer to talk about the snobbish use by qualifying it (like I did with "high culture" above).

3) As for energy and culture, that's a good question. Certainly we have far more popular culture than ever before, and it's easier to contribute to it than ever before, thanks in large part to energy-intensive technologies and the lifestyles they enable. On the other hand, everything Apollonian culture ever made was done with muscle, wind, and wood for energy, so it seems like you can get plenty of High Culture without the glut of energy we take for granted.